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Over 3000 cultivars of the pear are known. The following is a list of the more common and important cultivars, with the year and place of origin (where documented) and an indication of whether the pears are for cooking, eating, or making cider. Those varieties marked have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. ==Table of pears== *'Abate Fetel' (syn. Abbé Fetel; a major cultivar in Italy) *'Alexander Lucas' *'Ambrosia' *'Ayers' (United States - an interspecific ''P. communis ''×'' P. pyrifolia'' hybrid from the University of Tennessee) *'Bambinella' (Malta) *'Black Worcester' (England - a cooking pear that keeps well) *'Blake's Pride' (United States) *'Blanquilla' (or 'pera de agua' and 'blanquilla de Aranjuez', Spain) *'Bon Rouge' *'Bosc Pear' *'Beurre Hardy' *'Butirra Precoce Morettini' *'Carmen' *'Cascade' *'Catillac' *'Churchland Pear' *'Clairgeau' *'Clapp's Favourite' *'Clara Frijs' (major cultivar in Denmark) *'Concorde' (England - a seedling of 'Conference' × 'Doyenné du Comice) *'Conference' (England, 1894) *'Corella' (Australia) *'Coscia' (very early maturing cultivar from Italy) *'D'Anjou' *'Dessertnaja' *'Don Guindo' (Spain - strong yellow, flavoured taste) *'Doyenné du Comice' (France) *'Dr. Jules Guyot' *'Earlibrite' *'Elektra' *'Flemish Beauty' (also called 'Fondante des Bois') *'Forelle' *'General Leclerc' *'Gerburg' *'Giffard' *'Glou Morceau' (Belgium, 1750) *'Gorham' (United States) *'Harobig' *'Harovin Sundown' *'Harrow Crisp' *'Harrow Delight' (Canada) *'Harrow Gold' *'Harrow Red' *'Harrow Sweet' (Canada) *'Harvest Queen' *'Hermann' *'Hortensia' *'Huntington Pear' *'Isolda' *'Joséphine de Malines' (Belgium - obtained by Esperen, pomologist and mayor of Malines in the 19th century; one of the best late season pears) *'Kieffer' (United States - a hybrid of the Chinese "sand pear", ''P. pyrifolia'' and probably 'Bartlett') *'Lategale' *'Laxton's Superb' (England; no longer used due to high susceptibility to fireblight) *'Le Conte' *'Louise Bonne' (France) *'Luscious' (United States) *'Merton Pride' (England, 1941) *'Moonglow' *'Nashi' (Japanese pear) * * 'Kosui' (ja:幸水, Japan, 1959; the most important cultivar in Japan),〔(ニホンナシ育成品種の系統図 ：果樹研 )〕〔(NSW Primary Industries 2002. ''Nashi asian pear varieties'', kosui. Agfact H4.1.14 )〕 ('Russet pears') * * 'Hosui' (ja:豊水, Japan, 1972)〔(ニホンナシ育成品種の系統図 ：果樹研 )〕〔(NSW Primary Industries 2002. ''Nashi asian pear varieties'', housui. Agfact H4.1.14 )〕 ('Russet pears') * * 'Nijisseiki' (ja:二十世紀, Japan, 1898; name means "20th century", also spelled 'Nijusseiki')〔(ニホンナシ育成品種の系統図 ：果樹研 )〕〔(NSW Primary Industries 2002. ''Nashi asian pear varieties'', nijiseiki. Agfact H4.1.14 )〕 ('Green pears') *'Onward' *'Orcas' *'Orient' (United States - an interspecific ''P. communis ''×'' P. pyrifolia'' hybrid) *'Packham's Triumph' (Australia, 1896) *'Parsonage Pear' *'Pineapple' (United States - an interspecific ''P. communis ''×'' P. pyrifolia'' hybrid) *'Red Bartlett' (United States - There are three major red-skinned mutant clones: 'Max Red Bartlett', 'Sensation Red Bartlett', 'Rosired Bartlett') *'Rocha' (Portugal) *'Rosemarie' (South Africa) *'Seckel' (United States; late 17th century Philadelphia area; still produced, naturally resistant to fireblight)〔U.S. Department of Agriculture. (September 2004.) ("''Pyrus'' Crop Germplasm Committee: Report and genetic vulnerability statement, September 2004" ). (Website.) Germ Resources Information Network (GRIN), pages 5-7, 10. Retrieved on 2007-10-02.〕 *'Starkrimson', also called Red Clapp's, is a red-skinned 1939 Michigan bud mutation of Clapp's Favourite. Its thick, smooth skin is a uniform, bright and intense red, and its creamy flesh is sweet and aromatic.〔Dris, Ramdane, and S. Mohan Jain (editors.) (2004.) ("Production Practices and Quality Assessment of Food Crops: Volume 3, Quality Handling and Evaluation" ). Springer, page 274, ISBN 978-1-4020-1700-1. Retrieved on 2007-10-10〕 *'Stinking Bishop' *'Summer Beauty' *'Summercrisp' *'Sudduth' *'Taylor's Gold' (New Zealand - a russeted mutant clone of 'Comice') *'Tosca' *'Turandot' *'Uta' *'Vicar of Winkfield' (England - a green skinned cooking pear) *'Virgouleuse' *'Warden' *'Williams' *'Winter Nelis' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of pear cultivars」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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